RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOME HAEMATOLOGICAL INDICES (WBC, LYMPHOCYTES, MONOCYTES, NEUTROPHILS, EOSINOPHILS AND BASOPHILS) AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY-DIAGNOSED AETIOLOGIES OF SEIZURE DISORDERS IN KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Introduction:

Haematological changes have been reported in seizure disorder, but these do not occur in one hundred percent of patients with seizure disorder, which makes it necessary to validate the haematological changes using a superior diagnostic modality.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to establish whether there was computed interdependence between those haematological parameters and CT-diagnosed tomography (CT) aetiologies.

Methodology:

Ethical clearance was obtained from the Federal Teaching Hospital Katsina. A retrospective study of 326 brain CT images with positive findings of seizure etiologies from December 2019 to August 2021 was conducted.

Results:

The results for low, normal, and high haematological parameters were as follows:

• WBC: 8 (2.46%) low, 213 (65.54%) normal, and 104 (32%) high
• Lymphocytes: 154 (47.53%) low, 150 (46.30%) normal, and 20 (6.17%) high
• Monocytes: 21 (6.48%) low, 216 (66.6%) normal, and 87 (26.85%) high
• Neutrophils: 67 (20.55%) low, 200 (61.35%) normal, and 59 (18.1%) high
• Eosinophils: 0 (0%) low, 310 (95.38%) normal, and 15 (4.62%) high
• Basophils: 0 (0%) low, 316 (98.44%) normal, and 5 (1.56%) high

The chi-square test showed that there was interdependence between WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils and computed tomography-diagnosed aetiologies of seizure disorders, but not with eosinophils and basophils.

Conclusion:

WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils are useful biomarkers validated using CT imaging. However, the absence of haematological changes does not exclude the possibility of seizure aetiologies. It is recommended that CT should be used for confirmed diagnosis of certain seizure aetiologies in the emergency department.